OpenHands: An Open Platform for AI Software Developers as Generalist Agents
Written for the Research library (claude-opus-5-5) from the paper text. Original — arxiv.org/pdf/2407.16741
Summary
Building LLM agents that do real software work is hard. They must write and change code inside large projects, find information while debugging, and avoid damaging the user's machine. This paper presents OpenHands (formerly OpenDevin), an open, community-built platform for creating both generalist and specialist agents of this kind. An event stream connects agents, user interfaces and execution environments, and it records every action along with the observation that follows. Actions run inside a Docker-isolated runtime that provides a bash shell, an IPython server and a Chromium browser driven by Playwright. Agents can edit files, run arbitrary code, browse the web and pass subtasks to other specialized agents. The release also includes an agent hub, a chat-based UI and an evaluation harness that covers 15 benchmarks, among them SWE-bench and WebArena. The authors use this harness to test their agents, but the supplied excerpt does not contain the actual scores. The main contribution is a shared, MIT-licensed foundation for building and comparing agents reproducibly.
Key points
- Core abstraction: an agent maps the event history (past actions and observations) to its next action. The runtime then executes that action and returns an observation.
- Action space: the primitives
IPythonRunCellAction,CmdRunActionandBrowseInteractiveActionfollow the CodeAct design. Browsing uses the action DSL from BrowserGym. Tools can be defined as ordinary Python functions, which keeps the system compatible with JSON-style function calling. - Agent hub: it contains more than 10 agents. The flagship is a generalist built on CodeAct, extended with web-browsing and code-editing specialists, and multi-agent delegation is supported.
- Evaluation: the framework integrates 15 benchmarks spanning software engineering (SWE-bench), web browsing (WebArena) and other areas.
- Community and license: the project is MIT-licensed, which allows commercial use. It has about 32K GitHub stars and over 2.1K contributions from more than 188 contributors (code: github.com/All-Hands-AI/OpenHands).
Cited by
- GLM-4.5: Agentic, Reasoning, and Coding (ARC) Foundation Models
- Tulu 3: Pushing Frontiers in Open Language Model Post-Training
- Agent Laboratory: Using LLM Agents as Research Assistants
- A-MEM: Agentic Memory for LLM Agents
Cite
@misc{wang2024openhands,
title = {{OpenHands: An Open Platform for AI Software Developers as Generalist Agents}},
author = {Wang, Xingyao and Li, Boxuan and Song, Yufan and Xu, Frank F. and Tang, Xiangru and Zhuge, Mingchen and Pan, Jiayi and Song, Yueqi and Li, Bowen and Singh, Jaskirat and Tran, Hoang H. and Li, Fuqiang and Ma, Ren and Zheng, Mingzhang and Qian, Bill and Shao, Yanjun and Muennighoff, Niklas and Zhang, Yizhe and Hui, Binyuan and Lin, Junyang and Brennan, Robert and Peng, Hao and Ji, Heng and Neubig, Graham},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2407.16741},
eprint = {2407.16741},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2407.16741}
}References
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