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Improving Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition Through Feature Set Optimization

Summary

Recognizing implicit discourse relations, where no connective such as "because" signals the link between two text spans, is much harder than handling explicit ones. Many feature types had been proposed for this task, but they had never been combined systematically, and differing setups made results hard to compare. Park and Cardie re-implemented the established features (word pairs, first/last words, polarity, General Inquirer tags, Levin verb classes, modality, context, and production rules) and trained binary one-vs-rest Naive Bayes classifiers on the Penn Discourse Treebank 2.0 (PDTB). They followed the experimental protocol of Pitler et al. (2009). Greedy forward selection then picked the best feature subset for each of the four top-level senses. The tuned combinations gave the strongest reported F1-scores for the four PDTB classes under this protocol. The authors also found that preprocessing choices, especially stemming before lexicon lookup, strongly affect results, while word pairs add almost nothing once richer features are present. Because they released code and described the setup in detail, the work serves as a reproducible baseline.

Key points

  • Data and setup: The experiments use PDTB annotations on WSJ text, with gold parses taken from the Penn Treebank. Training sets were drawn from sections 2–20 and balanced by down-sampling, and sections 21–22 served as the test set. EntRel instances were counted as EXPANSION.
  • Best F1 per sense, compared with Pitler '09:
    • COMPARISON: 31.32 vs. 21.96
    • CONTINGENCY: 49.82 vs. 47.13
    • EXPANSION: 79.22 vs. 76.42
    • TEMPORAL: 26.57 vs. 16.76
  • Most useful feature: Production rules were the strongest single feature, ranking first or second for every sense. The optimal subsets combined them with First-Last-First3, Verbs, Polarity, and/or Inquirer Tags.
  • Stemming: Applying Porter stemming before lexicon lookup raised F1 by roughly 10%. Hand-written matching rules improved lexicon coverage further.
  • Binning: Representing numeric counts, such as polarity counts, through cumulative binning noticeably lowered performance. Binary classifiers also outperformed 4-way classifiers.

Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.

Fields: Linguistics & languages

Topics: Discourse analysis

Cited by

55 papers of our library cite it (of the 140673 whose bibliographies we read); 32 of them have a page here, 23 not yet.

Cite

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

@inproceedings{park2012improving,
  title = {{Improving Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition Through Feature Set Optimization}},
  author = {Park, Joonsuk and Cardie, Claire},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue},
  year = {2012},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/W12-1614/}
}

References

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