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Introducing the Prague Discourse Treebank 1.0

Summary

Large gold-standard resources that combine several kinds of discourse-level annotation on the same texts are rare, and Czech had no such corpus. This paper introduces the Prague Discourse Treebank 1.0 (PDiT 1.0). It adds three manual annotation layers to the roughly 50 thousand newspaper sentences of the Prague Dependency Treebank 2.5:

  • explicit discourse connectives, with their arguments and senses;
  • textual coreference, covering pronominal, nominal and zero forms;
  • bridging anaphora.

Most comparable projects annotate plain text. Here, every relation is instead drawn as a link between nodes of the existing tectogrammatical (deep-syntax) dependency trees, using extensions of the TrEd editor. The sense scheme follows the lexical, connective-based approach of the Penn Discourse Treebank. Discourse relations inside a sentence were largely derived semi-automatically from the syntactic analysis, and annotators only intervened where the discourse reading differed from it. The result is a multi-layered corpus that supports both theoretical discourse research and NLP tasks such as anaphora resolution, summarization and MT.

Key points

  • PDiT 1.0 builds on PDT 2.5. All annotation sits on the tectogrammatical layer, which already includes restored ellipses, so zero subjects (Czech is pro-drop) can be linked in coreference.
  • The corpus contains 20,542 explicit discourse relations. Conjunction is the most frequent (7,551), followed by opposition (3,209) and reason–result (2,626).
  • Version 1.0 leaves out implicit connectives, AltLex and attribution. A pilot on 100 sentences with implicit connectives reached only 49% agreement on relation type, rising to 58% when merely separating discourse relations from coreference/bridging.
  • The corpus was released in November 2012 via the LINDAT-Clarin repository under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Further extensions, including AltLex, genre classification and 1st/2nd-person anaphora, were planned for PDT 3.0.

Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.

Fields: Linguistics & languages

Topics: Discourse analysis · Coreference resolution · Treebanks

Cited by

20 papers of our library cite it (of the 140673 whose bibliographies we read); 4 of them have a page here, 16 not yet.

Cite

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

@inproceedings{polakova2013introducing,
  title = {{Introducing the Prague Discourse Treebank 1.0}},
  author = {Poláková, Lucie and Mírovský, Jiří and Nedoluzhko, Anna and Jínová, Pavlína and Zikánová, Šárka and Hajičová, Eva},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing},
  year = {2013},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/I13-1011/}
}

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