Integrating syntactic theory and variationist analysis: The structure of negative indefinites in regional dialects of British English
What it is about
The paper compares three ways of negating a clause with an indefinite: not-negation (I didn't have any money), no-negation (I had no money) and negative concord (I didn't have no money). The data are spoken, from informal conversations in Glasgow, Tyneside and Salford. Two syntactic accounts are tested: Account 1 applies Zeijlstra's agreement theory to all three variants, and Account 2 derives no-negation by movement from inside the noun phrase. Tokens are coded for verb type, verb complexity and discourse status, and analysed with a chi-square test and a mixed-effects logistic regression. The variant frequencies differ across the three places (chi-square 26.64, 4 degrees of freedom, p < 0.001). No-negation is most frequent with existentials and with be and have, and rare with lexical verbs.
Ideas
- I1. Turn the verb-type pattern into a rule in the generator for negative clauses: after existentials and be/have, prefer no-negation; after lexical verbs, prefer not-negation. Keep the choice and its reason in the rule. Measure the variant counts by verb class over the negative sentences of UD EWT, held in BTreeMap order.
- I2. Before claiming any dialect rule, run the paper's test: a chi-square over the variant counts per place. Add a shuffled-place-label control; if the test still finds a difference, the table is wrong.
- I3. Code discourse status (old information, new information) with a deterministic rule in
prag/src/frames.rs, for example: a negated noun phrase whose referent was mentioned earlier. Check the coder against a hand-coded sample of at least 50 tokens before using its output.
For Mova
The relevant chapters are languages/en/27-negation.md (the three variants) and languages/en/08-national-varieties.md (regional variation). The code is the polarity part of prag and prag/src/frames.rs. The measures: variant counts by verb class, the chi-square statistic, and the agreement of the discourse coder with a hand-coded sample.
Cite
@article{childs2017integrating,
title = {{Integrating syntactic theory and variationist analysis: The structure of negative indefinites in regional dialects of British English}},
author = {Childs, Claire},
journal = {Glossa: a journal of general linguistics},
year = {2017},
doi = {10.5334/gjgl.287},
url = {https://doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.287}
}References
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- How to cite this article: Childs, Claire. 2017. Integrating syntactic theory and variationist analysis: The structure of negative indefinites in regional dialects of British English. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 2(1): 106. 1–31, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.287 ↗ our card
- Submitted: 31 October 2016 find
- Published: 14 December 2017 find
- Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics is a peer-reviewed open access journal published by Ubiquity Press. OPEN ACCESS ↗