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🤝 Social Sciences

744 papers · page 4 of 9 · 226–325 · the most cited first · all shelves

Society, politics, law, education, communication, geography and the study of language in use.

 Papers (744)

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  1. Safe RLHF: Safe Reinforcement Learning from Human FeedbackJosef Dai, Xuehai Pan, Ruiyang Sun, et al.2023 · 207 citations
  2. Prompting GPT-3 To Be ReliableChenglei Si, Zhe Gan, Zhengyuan Yang, et al.2022 · 207 citations
  3. Challenges in Detoxifying Language ModelsJohannes Welbl, Amelia Glaese, Jonathan Uesato, et al.2021 · 207 citations
  4. Self-Diagnosis and Self-Debiasing: A Proposal for Reducing Corpus-Based Bias in NLPTimo Schick, Sahana Udupa, Hinrich Schutze2021 · 207 citations
  5. “Kelly is a Warm Person, Joseph is a Role Model”: Gender Biases in LLM-Generated Reference LettersYixin Wan, George Pu, Jiao Sun, et al.2023 · 206 citations
  6. Contextualizing Hate Speech Classifiers with Post-hoc ExplanationBrendan Kennedy, Xisen Jin, Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, et al.2020 · 204 citations
  7. HateCheck: Functional Tests for Hate Speech Detection ModelsPaul Röttger, Bertie Vidgen, Dong Nguyen, et al.2021 · 203 citations
  8. Predictive Biases in Natural Language Processing Models: A Conceptual Framework and OverviewDeven Shah, H. Andrew Schwartz, Dirk Hovy2019 · 202 citations
  9. How Johnny Can Persuade LLMs to Jailbreak Them: Rethinking Persuasion to Challenge AI Safety by Humanizing LLMsYi Zeng, Hongpeng Lin, Jingwen Zhang, et al.2024 · 201 citations
  10. A Corpus of Turkish Offensive Language on Social MediaÇağrı Çöltekin2020 · 200 citations
  11. Large Language Model as Attributed Training Data Generator: A Tale of Diversity and BiasYue Yu, Yuchen Zhuang, Jieyu Zhang, et al.2023 · 198 citations
  12. Toxicity Detection: Does Context Really Matter?John Pavlopoulos, Jeffrey Sorensen, Lucas Dixon, et al.2020 · 198 citations
  13. Where is Your Evidence: Improving Fact-checking by Justification ModelingTariq Alhindi, Savvas Petridis, Smaranda Muresan2018 · 194 citations
  14. That is a Known Lie: Detecting Previously Fact-Checked ClaimsShaden Shaar, Nikolay Babulkov, Giovanni Da San Martino, et al.2020 · 193 citations
  15. Framing and Agenda-setting in Russian News: a Computational Analysis of Intricate Political StrategiesAnjalie Field, Doron Kliger, Shuly Wintner, et al.2018 · 193 citations
  16. Auto-Debias: Debiasing Masked Language Models with Automated Biased PromptsYue Guo, Yi Yang, Ahmed Abbasi2022 · 191 citations
  17. Challenges in Automated Debiasing for Toxic Language DetectionXuhui Zhou, Maarten Sap, Swabha Swayamdipta, et al.2021 · 190 citations
  18. HONEST: Measuring Hurtful Sentence Completion in Language ModelsDebora Nozza, Federico Bianchi, Dirk Hovy2021 · 190 citations
  19. A Just and Comprehensive Strategy for Using NLP to Address Online AbuseDavid Jurgens, Libby Hemphill, Eshwar Chandrasekharan2019 · 189 citations
  20. A Survey on Stance Detection for Mis- and Disinformation IdentificationMomchil Hardalov, Arnav Arora, Preslav Nakov, et al.2022 · 187 citations
  21. LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language ModelsZhiwei Fei, Xiaoyu Shen, Dawei Zhu, et al.2023 · 186 citations
  22. Multimodal Meme Dataset (MultiOFF) for Identifying Offensive Content in Image and TextShardul Suryawanshi, Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi, Mihael Arcan, et al.2020 · 186 citations
  23. Integrating Stance Detection and Fact Checking in a Unified CorpusRamy Baly, Mitra Mohtarami, James Glass, et al.2018 · 186 citations
  24. SemEval-2023 Task 10: Explainable Detection of Online SexismHannah Kirk, Wenjie Yin, Bertie Vidgen, et al.2023 · 185 citations
  25. Preference Ranking Optimization for Human AlignmentFeifan Song, Bowen Yu, Minghao Li, et al.2023 · 183 citations
  26. Can LLMs Generate Novel Research Ideas? A Large-Scale Human Study with 100+ NLP ResearchersChenglei Si, Diyi Yang, Tatsunori Hashimoto2024 · 182 citations
  27. On Second Thought, Let's Not Think Step by Step! Bias and Toxicity in Zero-Shot ReasoningOmar Shaikh, Hongxin Zhang, William Held, et al.2023 · 180 citations
  28. Global MMLU: Understanding and Addressing Cultural and Linguistic Biases in Multilingual EvaluationShivalika Singh, Angelika Romanou, Clémentine Fourrier, et al.2025 · 179 citations
  29. It's All in the Name: Mitigating Gender Bias with Name-Based Counterfactual Data SubstitutionRowan Hall Maudslay, Hila Gonen, Ryan Cotterell, et al.2019 · 179 citations
  30. The Fact Extraction and VERification Over Unstructured and Structured information (FEVEROUS) Shared TaskRami Aly, Zhijiang Guo, Michael Sejr Schlichtkrull, et al.2021 · 178 citations
  31. Investigating Cultural Alignment of Large Language ModelsBadr AlKhamissi, Muhammad ElNokrashy, Mai Alkhamissi, et al.2024 · 177 citations
  32. On the Risk of Misinformation Pollution with Large Language ModelsYikang Pan, Liangming Pan, Wenhu Chen, et al.2023 · 177 citations
  33. ContractNLI: A Dataset for Document-level Natural Language Inference for ContractsYuta Koreeda, Christopher Manning2021 · 177 citations
  34. BillSum: A Corpus for Automatic Summarization of US LegislationAnastassia Kornilova, Vladimir Eidelman2019 · 175 citations
  35. Debiasing Pre-trained Contextualised EmbeddingsMasahiro Kaneko, Danushka Bollegala2021 · 174 citations
  36. Stance Detection in COVID-19 TweetsKyle Glandt, Sarthak Khanal, Yingjie Li, et al.2021 · 173 citations
  37. Detecting Harmful Memes and Their TargetsShraman Pramanick, Dimitar Dimitrov, Rituparna Mukherjee, et al.2021 · 171 citations
  38. Understanding Undesirable Word Embedding AssociationsKawin Ethayarajh, David Duvenaud, Graeme Hirst2019 · 171 citations
  39. Offensive Language Identification in GreekZesis Pitenis, Marcos Zampieri, Tharindu Ranasinghe2020 · 169 citations
  40. Low-Resource Languages Jailbreak GPT-4Zheng-Xin Yong, Cristina Menghini, Stephen H. Bach2023 · 168 citations
  41. The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language ModelsDeep Ganguli, Amanda Askell, Nicholas Schiefer, et al.2023 · 168 citations
  42. COVID-Fact: Fact Extraction and Verification of Real-World Claims on COVID-19 PandemicArkadiy Saakyan, Tuhin Chakrabarty, Smaranda Muresan2021 · 168 citations
  43. On Releasing Annotator-Level Labels and Information in DatasetsVinodkumar Prabhakaran, Aida Mostafazadeh Davani, Mark Diaz2021 · 168 citations
  44. Social Bias in Elicited Natural Language InferencesRachel Rudinger, Chandler May, Benjamin Van Durme2017 · 168 citations
  45. Paragraph-level Rationale Extraction through Regularization: A case study on European Court of Human Rights CasesIlias Chalkidis, Manos Fergadiotis, Dimitrios Tsarapatsanis, et al.2021 · 167 citations
  46. Towards Controllable Biases in Language GenerationEmily Sheng, Kai-Wei Chang, Prem Natarajan, et al.2020 · 167 citations
  47. Speak, Memory: An Archaeology of Books Known to ChatGPT/GPT-4Kent K. Chang, Mackenzie Cramer, Sandeep Soni, et al.2023 · 166 citations
  48. Deduplicating Training Data Mitigates Privacy Risks in Language ModelsNikhil Kandpal, Eric Wallace, Colin Raffel2022 · 166 citations
  49. “I'm sorry to hear that”: Finding New Biases in Language Models with a Holistic Descriptor DatasetEric Michael Smith, Melissa Hall, Melanie Kambadur, et al.2022 · 165 citations
  50. Arabic Offensive Language on Twitter: Analysis and ExperimentsHamdy Mubarak, Ammar Rashed, Kareem Darwish, et al.2021 · 165 citations
  51. Sustainable Modular Debiasing of Language ModelsAnne Lauscher, Tobias Lueken, Goran Glavaš2021 · 165 citations
  52. Do All Languages Cost the Same? Tokenization in the Era of Commercial Language ModelsOrevaoghene Ahia, Sachin Kumar, Hila Gonen, et al.2023 · 164 citations
  53. Ethics Sheet for Automatic Emotion Recognition and Sentiment AnalysisSaif M. Mohammad2022 · 164 citations
  54. Question Answering for Privacy Policies: Combining Computational and Legal PerspectivesAbhilasha Ravichander, Alan W Black, Shomir Wilson, et al.2019 · 163 citations
  55. Machine Translationese: Effects of Algorithmic Bias on Linguistic Complexity in Machine TranslationEva Vanmassenhove, Dimitar Shterionov, Matthew Gwilliam2021 · 161 citations
  56. MiniCheck: Efficient Fact-Checking of LLMs on Grounding DocumentsLiyan Tang, Philippe Laban, Greg Durrett2024 · 159 citations
  57. I Feel Offended, Don't Be Abusive! Implicit/Explicit Messages in Offensive and Abusive LanguageTommaso Caselli, Valerio Basile, Jelena Mitrović, et al.2020 · 159 citations
  58. FacTool: Factuality Detection in Generative AI — A Tool Augmented Framework for Multi-Task and Multi-Domain ScenariosI-Chun Chern, Steffi Chern, Shiqi Chen, et al.2023 · 158 citations
  59. GPT-4 Is Too Smart To Be Safe: Stealthy Chat with LLMs via CipherYouliang Yuan, Wenxiang Jiao, Wenxuan Wang, et al.2023 · 158 citations
  60. CLIMATE-FEVER: A Dataset for Verification of Real-World Climate ClaimsThomas Diggelmann, Jordan Boyd-Graber, Jannis Bulian, et al.2020 · 157 citations
  61. Toxic, Hateful, Offensive or Abusive? What Are We Really Classifying? An Empirical Analysis of Hate Speech DatasetsPaula Fortuna, Juan Soler, Leo Wanner2020 · 157 citations
  62. Lawyer LLaMA Technical ReportQuzhe Huang, Mingxu Tao, Chen Zhang, et al.2023 · 156 citations
  63. WildGuard: Open One-Stop Moderation Tools for Safety Risks, Jailbreaks, and Refusals of LLMsSeungju Han, Kavel Rao, Allyson Ettinger, et al.2024 · 155 citations
  64. Probing Pre-Trained Language Models for Cross-Cultural Differences in ValuesArnav Arora, Lucie-aimée Kaffee, Isabelle Augenstein2023 · 155 citations
  65. CBR-RAG: Case-Based Reasoning for Retrieval Augmented Generation in LLMs for Legal Question AnsweringNirmalie Wiratunga, Ramitha Abeyratne, Lasal Jayawardena, et al.2024 · 154 citations
  66. Can GPT-3 Perform Statutory Reasoning?Andrew Blair-Stanek, Nils Holzenberger, Benjamin Van Durme2023 · 153 citations
  67. Trafilatura: A Web Scraping Library and Command-Line Tool for Text Discovery and ExtractionAdrien Barbaresi2021 · 153 citations
  68. Generating Counter Narratives against Online Hate Speech: Data and StrategiesSerra Sinem Tekiroğlu, Yi-Ling Chung, Marco Guerini2020 · 153 citations
  69. The First QALB Shared Task on Automatic Text Correction for ArabicBehrang Mohit, Alla Rozovskaya, Nizar Habash, et al.2014 · 153 citations
  70. Will-They-Won't-They: A Very Large Dataset for Stance Detection on TwitterCostanza Conforti, Jakob Berndt, Mohammad Taher Pilehvar, et al.2020 · 151 citations
  71. ProsocialDialog: A Prosocial Backbone for Conversational AgentsHyunwoo Kim, Youngjae Yu, Liwei Jiang, et al.2022 · 150 citations
  72. A Richly Annotated Corpus for Different Tasks in Automated Fact-CheckingAndreas Hanselowski, Christian Stab, Claudia Schulz, et al.2019 · 147 citations
  73. Fact-Checking Complex Claims with Program-Guided ReasoningLiangming Pan, Xiaobao Wu, Xinyuan Lu, et al.2023 · 146 citations
  74. Quantifying Privacy Risks of Masked Language Models Using Membership Inference AttacksFatemehsadat Mireshghallah, Kartik Goyal, Archit Uniyal, et al.2022 · 145 citations
  75. UNQOVERing Stereotyping Biases via Underspecified QuestionsTao Li, Daniel Khashabi, Tushar Khot, et al.2020 · 145 citations
  76. Identifying and Measuring Annotator Bias Based on Annotators' Demographic CharacteristicsHala Al Kuwatly, Maximilian Wich, Georg Groh2020 · 144 citations
  77. Justice or Prejudice? Quantifying Biases in LLM-as-a-JudgeJiayi Ye, Yanbo Wang, Yue Huang, et al.2024 · 142 citations
  78. ConvoKit: A Toolkit for the Analysis of ConversationsJonathan P. Chang, Caleb Chiam, Liye Fu, et al.2020 · 137 citations
  79. Do LLMs Exhibit Human-like Response Biases? A Case Study in Survey DesignLindia Tjuatja, Valerie Chen, Tongshuang Wu, et al.2024 · 136 citations
  80. SafetyBench: Evaluating the Safety of Large Language ModelsZhexin Zhang, Leqi Lei, Lindong Wu, et al.2023 · 136 citations
  81. A Roadmap to Pluralistic AlignmentTaylor Sorensen, Jared Moore, Jillian Fisher, et al.2024 · 135 citations
  82. Detoxifying Language Models Risks Marginalizing Minority VoicesAlbert Xu, Eshaan Pathak, Eric Wallace, et al.2021 · 135 citations
  83. Political Compass or Spinning Arrow? Towards More Meaningful Evaluations for Values and Opinions in Large Language ModelsPaul Röttger, Valentin Hofmann, Valentina Pyatkin, et al.2024 · 134 citations
  84. TOFU: A Task of Fictitious Unlearning for LLMsPratyush Maini, Zhili Feng, Avi Schwarzschild, et al.2024 · 133 citations
  85. A Retrospective Analysis of the Fake News Challenge Stance-Detection TaskAndreas Hanselowski, Avinesh PVS, Benjamin Schiller, et al.2018 · 133 citations
  86. Agreeing to Disagree: Annotating Offensive Language Datasets with Annotators' DisagreementElisa Leonardelli, Stefano Menini, Alessio Palmero Aprosio, et al.2021 · 132 citations
  87. Does Gender Matter? Towards Fairness in Dialogue SystemsHaochen Liu, Jamell Dacon, Wenqi Fan, et al.2020 · 132 citations
  88. Humans or LLMs as the Judge? A Study on Judgement BiasGuiming Hardy Chen, Shunian Chen, Ziche Liu, et al.2024 · 131 citations
  89. Quantifying Social Biases in NLP: A Generalization and Empirical Comparison of Extrinsic Fairness MetricsPaula Czarnowska, Yogarshi Vyas, Kashif Shah2021 · 131 citations
  90. You reap what you sow: On the Challenges of Bias Evaluation Under Multilingual SettingsZeerak Talat, Aurélie Névéol, Stella Biderman, et al.2022 · 130 citations
  91. It's Morphin' Time! Combating Linguistic Discrimination with Inflectional PerturbationsSamson Tan, Shafiq Joty, Min-Yen Kan, et al.2020 · 130 citations
  92. Comparing Bayesian Models of AnnotationSilviu Paun, Bob Carpenter, Jon Chamberlain, et al.2018 · 130 citations
  93. Evidence-based Fact-Checking of Health-related ClaimsMourad Sarrouti, Asma Ben Abacha, Yassine Mrabet, et al.2021 · 129 citations
  94. Swiss-Judgment-Prediction: A Multilingual Legal Judgment Prediction BenchmarkJoel Niklaus, Ilias Chalkidis, Matthias Stürmer2021 · 129 citations
  95. Artificial Artificial Artificial Intelligence: Crowd Workers Widely Use Large Language Models for Text Production TasksVeniamin Veselovsky, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Robert West2023 · 127 citations
  96. Knowledge Unlearning for Mitigating Privacy Risks in Language ModelsJoel Jang, Dongkeun Yoon, Sohee Yang, et al.2022 · 126 citations
  97. Toward Gender-Inclusive Coreference ResolutionYang Trista Cao, Hal Daumé III2020 · 125 citations
  98. LM vs LM: Detecting Factual Errors via Cross ExaminationRoi Cohen, May Hamri, Mor Geva, et al.2023 · 124 citations
  99. Safety-Tuned LLaMAs: Lessons From Improving the Safety of Large Language Models that Follow InstructionsFederico Bianchi, Mirac Suzgun, Giuseppe Attanasio, et al.2023 · 124 citations
  100. Large Language Model Alignment: A SurveyTianhao Shen, Renren Jin, Yufei Huang, et al.2023 · 123 citations

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