🧑‍🔬 Gerasimos Spanakis

🏛️ Affiliations

🎓Maastricht UniversityMaastricht · Netherlands2016–2026 · 118 papersEmploymentcurrent🎓National Technical University of AthensAthens · Greece2009–2012 · 5 papers🎓Utrecht UniversityUtrecht · Netherlands2022–2024 · 2 papers

From the bylines of their papers (OpenAlex, 2026-10-14), ORCID and Wikidata; institutions on papers are matched by machine.

🧭 Fields, topics and concepts

Of its works in our library, with the number of works on each.

📅 Works by year

2020s

📄 Papers

The most cited first (OpenAlex and our library).

1. Interpretable Long-Form Legal Question Answering with Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (2023 · 157 citations)
   The paper addresses legal aid for laypeople. Existing legal QA systems either cover one narrow area of law or return only yes/no answers and short spans. The authors build a retrieve-then-read system that writes detailed answers to questions about any area of statutory law. A lightweight bi-encoder first fetches…
2. From FusHa to Folk: Exploring Cross-Lingual Transfer in Arabic Language Models (2026 · 1 citation)
   Arabic language models are mostly pretrained on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA, FusHa) and are expected to work on the spoken dialects (DA), whose distance from MSA varies widely.
3. WinoQueer-NL: Assessing Bias in Dutch Language Models toward LGBTQ+ Identities (2026)
   Studies of anti-queer bias in language models have mostly targeted English, so Dutch models have gone largely untested.

All works

15 works of theirs in our library, the most cited first; 3 with a page here, the others link their original until we summarise them.

1. Interpretable Long-Form Legal Question Answering with Retrieval-Augmented Large Language ModelsProceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial IntelligenceAntoine Louis, Gijs van Dijck, Gerasimos Spanakis2023 · 157 citations
2. A Statutory Article Retrieval Dataset in French ↗Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · no summary yetAntoine Louis, Gerasimos Spanakis2022 · 82 citations
3. Finding the Law: Enhancing Statutory Article Retrieval via Graph Neural Networks ↗Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics · no summary yetAntoine Louis, Gijs van Dijck, Gerasimos Spanakis2023 · 44 citations
4. Evaluating Bias In Dutch Word Embeddings ↗Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing · no summary yetRodrigo Alejandro Chávez Mulsa, Gerasimos Spanakis2020 · 30 citations
5. LegalLens Shared Task 2024: Legal Violation Identification in Unstructured Text ↗Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2024 · no summary yetBen Hagag et al.2024 · 9 citations
6. Evaluating LLM-Generated Legal Explanations for Regulatory Compliance in Social Media Influencer Marketing ↗Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2025 · no summary yetHaoyang Gui et al.2025 · 5 citations
7. Dutch CrowS-Pairs: Adapting a Challenge Dataset for Measuring Social Biases in Language Models for Dutch ↗Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing - Natural Language Processing in the Generative AI Era · no summary yetElza Strazda, Gerasimos Spanakis2025 · 3 citations
8. Across Platforms and Languages: Dutch Influencers and Legal Disclosures on Instagram, YouTube and TikTok ↗arXiv:2407.12451 · no summary yetHaoyang Gui et al.2024 · 3 citations
9. From FusHa to Folk: Exploring Cross-Lingual Transfer in Arabic Language ModelsarXiv:2602.09826Abdulmuizz Khalak, Abderrahmane Issam, Gerasimos Spanakis2026 · 1 citation
10. Know When to Fuse: Investigating Non-English Hybrid Retrieval in the Legal Domain ↗Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics · no summary yetAntoine Louis, Gijs van Dijck, Gerasimos Spanakis2025 · 1 citation
11. WinoQueer-NL: Assessing Bias in Dutch Language Models toward LGBTQ+ IdentitiesarXiv:2609.02651Jiska Beuk, Gerasimos Spanakis2026
12. Improving Visual Sensitivity of LLMs on Multimodal Machine Translation with Metric-based Loss Weighting ↗arXiv:2609.31169 · no summary yetPaweł M\kaka et al.2026
13. Linking Transparency and Accountability: Analysing The Connection Between TikTok's Terms of Service and Moderation Decisions ↗Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2025 · no summary yetLeonard Eßer, Gerasimos Spanakis2025
14. A Representation Level Analysis of NMT Model Robustness to Grammatical Errors ↗Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025 · no summary yetAbderrahmane Issam et al.2025
15. Low-Resource Machine Translation for Moroccan Arabic ↗Proceedings of the First Workshop on Advancing NLP for Low-Resource Languages · no summary yetAlexei Rosca, Abderrahmane Issam, Gerasimos Spanakis2025

🤝 Co-authors here

1 co-author with a page, the most papers together first.

• Abderrahmane Issam

Venues

Where their works here were published, the most works first, with the editions of those that have a page.

• Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2025 ×3
• Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 2023
• Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025
• Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing - Natural Language Processing in the Generative AI Era
• Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
• Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics
• Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
• Proceedings of the First Workshop on Advancing NLP for Low-Resource Languages
• Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Gender Bias in Natural Language Processing

🔗 Cited by

Papers of our library cite their works 183 times (of the 149,439 papers whose bibliographies we read); 22 citing papers with a page here →.

Updated 31 October 2026

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