📰 NEJM AI 2024: all accepted papers

98 papers · the most cited first · ← NEJM AI 2024

1. Towards Generalist Biomedical AI ↗Tao Tu, Shekoofeh Azizi, Danny Driess et al.452 citations
2. Almanac — Retrieval-Augmented Language Models for Clinical Medicine ↗Cyril Zakka, Rohan Shad, Akash R. Chaurasia et al.405 citations
3. A Multimodal Biomedical Foundation Model Trained from Fifteen Million Image–Text Pairs ↗Sheng Zhang, Yanbo Xu, Naoto Usuyama et al.270 citations
4. Can Large Language Models Provide Useful Feedback on Research Papers? A Large-Scale Empirical AnalysisWeixin Liang, Yuhui Zhang, Hancheng Cao et al.243 citations · our summary
5. Large Language Models Are Poor Medical Coders — Benchmarking of Medical Code Querying ↗Ali Soroush, Benjamin Scott Glicksberg, Eyal Zimlichman et al.136 citations
6. GPT versus Resident Physicians — A Benchmark Based on Official Board Scores ↗Uriel Katz, Eran Cohen, Eliya K. Shachar et al.134 citations
7. Retrieval-Augmented Generation–Enabled GPT-4 for Clinical Trial Screening ↗Ozan Ünlü, Jiyeon Shin, Charlotte J. Mailly et al.114 citations
8. Comparative Evaluation of LLMs in Clinical Oncology ↗Nicholas Robert Rydzewski, Deepak Dinakaran, Shuang George Zhao et al.106 citations
9. RAG in Health Care: A Novel Framework for Improving Communication and Decision-Making by Addressing LLM Limitations ↗Karen Ka Yan Ng, Izuki Matsuba, Peter Chengming Zhang103 citations
10. Benchmarking Open-Source Large Language Models, GPT-4 and Claude 2 on Multiple-Choice Questions in Nephrology ↗Sean Wu, Michael Koo, Lesley Blum et al.97 citations
11. GPT-4 for Information Retrieval and Comparison of Medical Oncology Guidelines ↗Dyke Ferber, Isabella C. Wiest, Georg Wölflein et al.90 citations
12. Using ChatGPT to Facilitate Truly Informed Medical Consent ↗Fatima Nadeem Mirza, Oliver Young Tang, Ian David Connolly et al.88 citations
13. Development and Validation of a Multimodal Multitask Vision Foundation Model for Generalist Ophthalmic Artificial Intelligence ↗Jianing Qiu, Jian Wu, Hao Wei et al.79 citations
14. Evaluation of Sepsis Prediction Models before Onset of Treatment ↗Fahad Kamran, Donna Tjandra, Andrew Heiler et al.73 citations
15. FDA-Authorized AI/ML Tool for Sepsis Prediction: Development and Validation ↗Akhil Bhargava, Carlos G. Lopez-Espina, Lee Schmalz et al.72 citations
16. A Call for Artificial Intelligence Implementation Science Centers to Evaluate Clinical Effectiveness ↗Chris Longhurst, Karandeep Singh, Aneesh Chopra et al.66 citations
17. CORAL: Expert-Curated Oncology Reports to Advance Language Model Inference ↗Madhumita Sushil, Vanessa Elaine Kennedy, Divneet Mandair et al.61 citations
18. To Do No Harm — and the Most Good — with AI in Health Care ↗Carey Beth Goldberg, Laura L. Adams, David Blumenthal et al.61 citations
19. Does AI-Powered Clinical Documentation Enhance Clinician Efficiency? A Longitudinal Study ↗Tsai‐Ling Liu, Timothy C. Hetherington, Ajay Dharod et al.60 citations
20. Medical Ethics of Large Language Models in Medicine ↗Jasmine Chiat Ling Ong, Yin‐Hsi Chang, William Wasswa et al.58 citations
21. Zero-Shot Clinical Trial Patient Matching with LLMs ↗Michael Wornow, Alejandro Lozano, Dev Dash et al.57 citations
22. Large Language Models for More Efficient Reporting of Hospital Quality Measures ↗Aaron E. Boussina, Rishivardhan Krishnamoorthy, Kimberly Quintero et al.55 citations
23. Artificial Intelligence–Powered Rapid Identification of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction via Electrocardiogram (ARISE) — A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial ↗Chin S. Lin, Wei-Ting Liu, Chiao‐Hsiang Chang et al.54 citations
24. The Regulation of Clinical Artificial Intelligence ↗David Blumenthal, Bakul Patel54 citations
25. AI-MARRVEL — A Knowledge-Driven AI System for Diagnosing Mendelian Disorders ↗Dongxue Mao, Chaozhong Liu, Linhua Wang et al.50 citations
26. Cognitive Biases and Artificial Intelligence ↗Jonathan Wang, Donald A. Redelmeier42 citations
27. Clinical Text Datasets for Medical Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models — A Systematic Review ↗Jiageng Wu, Xiaocong Liu, Minghui Li et al.41 citations
28. GPT-4 in a Cancer Center — Institute-Wide Deployment Challenges and Lessons Learned ↗Renato Umeton, Anne Kwok, Rahul Maurya et al.36 citations
29. FHIR-GPT Enhances Health Interoperability with Large Language Models ↗Yikuan Li, Hanyin Wang, Halid Ziya Yerebakan et al.34 citations
30. How Academic Medical Centers Govern AI Prediction Tools in the Context of Uncertainty and Evolving Regulation ↗Paige Nong, Reema Hamasha, Karandeep Singh et al.34 citations
31. Autonomous LLM-Driven Research — from Data to Human-Verifiable Research PapersTal Ifargan, Lukas Hafner, Maor Kern et al.33 citations · our summary
32. Rubrics to Prompts: Assessing Medical Student Post-Encounter Notes with AI ↗Andrew R. Jamieson, Michael J. Holcomb, Thomas O. Dalton et al.33 citations
33. Improving Clinician Performance in Classifying EEG Patterns on the Ictal–Interictal Injury Continuum Using Interpretable Machine Learning ↗Alina Jade Barnett, Zhicheng Guo, Jin Jing et al.32 citations
34. Evaluation of AI Solutions in Health Care Organizations — The OPTICA Tool ↗Noa Dagan, Stav Devons-Sberro, Ziv Paz et al.30 citations
35. Scaling Adoption of Medical AI — Reimbursement from Value-Based Care and Fee-for-Service Perspectives ↗Michael D. Abràmoff, Tinglong Dai, James Zou30 citations
36. We Need More Randomized Clinical Trials of AI ↗David Ouyang, Joseph W. Hogan24 citations
37. Combining Multiple Large Language Models Improves Diagnostic Accuracy ↗Gioele Barabucci, Victor Shia, Eugene A. Chu et al.23 citations
38. PROTEUS: A Prospective RCT Evaluating Use of AI in Stress Echocardiography ↗Ross Upton, Ashley Paul Akerman, Thomas Hugh Marwick et al.21 citations
39. AI-Based Anomaly Detection for Clinical-Grade Histopathological Diagnostics ↗Jonas Dippel, Niklas Prenißl, Julius Hense et al.20 citations
40. National Use of Artificial Intelligence for Eye Screening in Singapore ↗Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran, Steven Miller, Wynne Hsu et al.20 citations
41. Prospective Multi-Site Validation of AI to Detect Tuberculosis and Chest X-Ray Abnormalities ↗Sahar Kazemzadeh, Atilla P. Kiraly, Zaid Nabulsi et al.20 citations
42. The Chief Health AI Officer — An Emerging Role for an Emerging Technology ↗Ashley Beecy, Chris Longhurst, Karandeep Singh et al.20 citations
43. Fine-Tuning LLMs with Medical Data: Can Safety Be Ensured? ↗Minkyoung Kim, Yunha Kim, Hee Jun Kang et al.19 citations
44. Prospective Evaluation of Machine Learning for Public Health Screening: Identifying Unknown Hepatitis C Carriers ↗Noa Dagan, Ori Magen, Michael Leshchinsky et al.19 citations
45. Cognitive Bias in Large Language Models: Implications for Research and Practice ↗Laura Zwaan17 citations
46. How Generalizable Are Foundation Models When Applied to Different Demographic Groups and Settings? ↗Zhuxin Xiong, Xiaofei Wang, Yukun Zhou et al.17 citations
47. Evolution of Future Medical AI Models — From Task-Specific, Disease-Centric to Universal Health ↗Weizhi Ma, Bin Sheng, Yang Liu et al.16 citations
48. External Validation of a Commercial Acute Kidney Injury Predictive Model ↗Sayon Dutta, Dustin S. McEvoy, Lisette N. Dunham et al.16 citations
49. The EU AI Act: Implications for U.S. Health Care ↗Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Ivan Glenn Cohen, Timo Minssen16 citations
50. Preparing for the Widespread Adoption of Clinic Visit Recording ↗Paul James Barr, Robert E. Gramling, Soroush Vosoughi15 citations
51. Trustworthy Evaluation of Clinical AI for Analysis of Medical Images in Diverse Populations ↗Jiri Fajtl, Roshan A. Welikala, Sarah Ann Barman et al.15 citations
52. When the Model Trains You: Induced Belief Revision and Its Implications on Artificial Intelligence Research and Patient Care — A Case Study on Predicting Obstructive Hydronephrosis in Children ↗Jethro C.C. Kwong, David‐Dan Nguyen, Adree Khondker et al.15 citations
53. Artificial Intelligence Identifies Factors Associated with Blood Loss and Surgical Experience in Cholecystectomy ↗Josiah G. Aklilu, Min Sun, Shelly Goel et al.14 citations
54. GPT-4 Performance, Nondeterminism, and Drift in Genetic Literature Review ↗Samuel Aronson, Kalotina Machini, Jiyeon Shin et al.14 citations
55. Tackling Algorithmic Bias and Promoting Transparency in Health Datasets: The STANDING Together Consensus Recommendations ↗Joseph Edward Alderman, Joanne Palmer, Elinor Laws et al.14 citations
56. Trials of AI Interventions Must Be Preregistered ↗Jeffrey M. Drazen, Charlotte J. Haug14 citations
57. AI as an Ecosystem — Ensuring Generative AI Is Safe and Effective ↗Enrico W Coiera, David Fraile Navarro12 citations
58. Advancing Diabetic Macular Edema Detection from 3D Optical Coherence Tomography Scans: Integrating Privacy-Preserving AI and Generalizability Techniques — A Prospective Validation in Vietnam ↗Truong Nguyen, Meirui Jiang, Dawei Yang et al.11 citations
59. Disorder-Free Data Are All You Need — Inverse Supervised Learning for Broad-Spectrum Head Disorder Detection ↗Yuwei He, Yuchen Guo, Jinhao Lyu et al.11 citations
60. The U.S. President’s Executive Order on Artificial Intelligence ↗David Blumenthal11 citations
61. Validation of a Mobile App for Remote Autism Screening in Toddlers ↗Pradeep Raj Krishnappa Babu, J. Matías Di Martino, Rachel E. Aiello et al.11 citations
62. Co-creating Consent for Data Use — AI-Powered Ethics for Biomedical AI ↗Barbara J. Evans, Azra Bihorac10 citations
63. If Machines Exceed Us: Health Care at an Inflection Point ↗Eyal Klang, Idit Tessler, Robert Freeman et al.10 citations
64. Spending Analysis of Machine Learning–Based Communication Nudges in Oncology ↗Tej A. Patel, Jonathan R. Heintz, Jinbo Chen et al.10 citations
65. Ethical Oversight of Data Science Health Research in Africa ↗Clement Adebamowo, Shawneequa Callier, Oluchi Christiana Maduka et al.9 citations
66. Large Language Models Seem Miraculous, but Science Abhors Miracles ↗Peter Szolovits B9 citations
67. Patient Portal — When Patients Take AI into Their Own Hands ↗Carey Beth Goldberg9 citations
68. Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics Demands a Focus on Accuracy, Not Fairness ↗Mert Rory Sabuncu, Alan Q. Wang, Minh Nguyen8 citations
69. Four-Channel ECG as a Single Source for Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dilation — A Deep Learning Approach ↗Hongling Zhu, Yinuo Jiang, Cheng Cheng et al.8 citations
70. Health Care Cost Reductions with Machine Learning–Directed Evaluations during Radiation Therapy — An Economic Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Study ↗Divya Natesan, Eric L. Eisenstein, Samantha Marie Thomas et al.8 citations
71. Managing Patient Use of Generative Health AI ↗David Blumenthal, Carey Beth Goldberg8 citations
72. Machine Learning to Infer a Health State Using Biomedical Signals — Detection of Hypoglycemia in People with Diabetes while Driving Real Cars ↗Vera Franziska Lehmann, Thomas Züger, Martin Maritsch et al.7 citations
73. The Impact of Task Set-up in Algorithm Design: Regression versus Classification ↗Amey Vrudhula, John Weston Hughes, Neal Yuan et al.7 citations
74. Do We Need Data Standards in the Era of Large Language Models? ↗Gabriel A. Brat, Joshua C. Mandel, Matthew B. A. McDermott6 citations
75. Settling the Score on Algorithmic Discrimination in Health Care ↗Marzyeh Ghassemi, Maia Hightower, Elaine Okanyene Nsoesie6 citations
76. A New Foundation Model for Multimodal Ophthalmic Images: Advancing Disease Detection and Prediction ↗Mark A. Chia, Yukun Zhou, Pearse Andrew Keane5 citations
77. AI-RISE to the Challenge — Artificial Intelligence Reduces Time to Treatment in STEMI ↗Robert Avram, William Fuller Fearon5 citations
78. Artificial Intelligence–Based Copilots to Generate Causal Evidence ↗Maya L. Petersen, Ahmed M. Alaa, Emre Kıcıman et al.5 citations
79. Exploring the Past — and Future — of Medical Diagnosis and Artificial Intelligence ↗Adam M. Rodman, Andrew L. Beam, Arjun Kumar Manrai5 citations
80. Histopathology Slide Indexing and Search — Are We There Yet? ↗Helen H. Shang, Mohammad Sadegh Nasr, Jai Prakash Veerla et al.5 citations
81. Policy in Progress — The Race to Frame AI in Health Care ↗Isaac S. Kohane5 citations
82. What We Want to Publish at NEJM AI ↗Arjun Kumar Manrai, Andrew L. Beam, Isaac S. Kohane5 citations
83. Why Medicine Must Become a Knowledge-Processing Discipline ↗Isaac S. Kohane, Andrew L. Beam, Arjun Kumar Manrai5 citations
84. A Global Health Data Divide ↗Xiaoxuan Liu, Joseph Edward Alderman, Elinor Laws4 citations
85. Mary Steps Out: Capturing Patient Experience through Qualitative and AI Methods ↗Valerie J. Renard, Marianna D. LaNoue, Truls Østbye et al.4 citations
86. The Promise and Perils of Autonomous AI in Science ↗Junyi Gao, Ewen Munro Harrison3 citations
87. The Role of Health Data Utilities in Supporting Health AI ↗Ahmad Alkasir, Gabriel Seidman, Jolie Ritzo et al.3 citations
88. Who’s Training Whom? ↗Jonathan H. Chen3 citations
89. AI for Oncology Drug Data Harmonization — Amazon versus OpenAI ↗Jay G. Ronquillo, Brett R. South, Timothy Lee Wiemken et al.2 citations
90. AI-Based Diabetic Macular Edema Screening for Improved Care in Low-Resource Settings ↗Tien‐En Tan, Zhen Ling Teo, Stela Vujosevic et al.1 citation
91. Advancing Autism Detection: A Digital Step Forward ↗Isaac S. Kohane1 citation
92. Disorder-Free Data Are All You Need — Inverse Supervised Learning for Broad-Spectrum Head Disorder Detection ↗1 citation
93. Human-in-the-Loop AI Summaries of NEJM AI Grand Rounds ↗Arjun Kumar Manrai, Andrew L. Beam1 citation
94. Pixels and Pitfalls: Building Robust Artificial Intelligence for Medical Imaging ↗Pranav Rajpurkar, Andrew L. Beam, Arjun Kumar Manrai1 citation
95. Reclaiming Voice with AI ↗Fatima Nadeem Mirza, Alexis Bogan, Andrew L. Beam et al.1 citation
96. A Letter about “Evaluation of Sepsis Prediction Models before Onset of Treatment” ↗Jeffrey M. Feit
97. Are Stronger Feature Representations All You Need for Histology Image Search? ↗Richard J. Chen, Faisal Mahmood
98. Four-Channel ECG as a Single Source for Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dilation — A Deep Learning Approach ↗

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