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A Collaborative Planning Model of Intentional Structure

Paper · 1998 · Karen E. Lochbaum

Summary

To interpret an utterance, a dialogue participant must decide whether it opens a new discourse segment, continues the current one, or closes it. Grosz and Sidner (1986) argued that this decision rests on intentional structure: the purposes behind segments and how those purposes relate. Lochbaum offers a computational account of how such structure can be recognized and then used in processing. The account builds on the collaborative, multiagent planning formalism of SharedPlans (Grosz and Kraus 1996) rather than on single-agent planners in the STRIPS tradition. Segment purposes are treated as intentions that a SharedPlan be completed. Links between purposes come from subsidiary and temporal relations among the underlying plans. The paper explains the model using well-known dialogues from earlier literature instead of new data. It is mainly theoretical and reports no quantitative evaluation, although the theory was implemented in a working system. Its central contribution is the claim that it captures discourse-level intentions, which earlier plan-based systems missed because they targeted utterance-level intentions.

Key points

  • The example dialogues cover three kinds of subdialogue:
    • subtask: repairing an air compressor (Grosz 1974);
    • correction: editing a KL-ONE network (Sidner 1983; Litman 1985);
    • knowledge precondition: maintaining node39 (Lochbaum, Grosz, and Sidner 1990).
  • A DSP is represented as Int.Th(ICP, FSP({ICP, OCP}, β)), meaning the initiator intends that both participants hold a full SharedPlan for an act.
  • The approach is set against earlier plan-based models, namely those of Ramshaw (1991), Lambert and Carberry (1991), Litman and Allen (1987), and Litman (1985).
  • For generation, the model introduces a SharedPlan "augmentation" process. The speaker keeps an agenda listing the beliefs and intentions still needed to turn a partial SharedPlan into a full one.
  • The implementation is described in Lochbaum (1994). Rich and Sidner's COLLAGEN (1998) applies the model with an artificial discourse language.

Our summary of the paper, in our own words — not its text. The work belongs to its authors; read it at the links above.

 Fields, topics and concepts

📚 Shelves 4The field of science this work belongs to (OpenAlex fields).Computer Science · 16,667 worksArtificial Intelligence · 16,194 worksArts and Humanities · 16,039 worksLanguage and Linguistics · 15,891 works

Cite

Cite as Karen E. Lochbaum. 1998. A Collaborative Planning Model of Intentional Structure. Computational Linguistics.

The paper itself, not this page. BibTeX from the library's record of the work.

@article{lochbaum1998collaborative,
  title = {{A Collaborative Planning Model of Intentional Structure}},
  author = {Karen E. Lochbaum},
  journal = {Computational Linguistics},
  year = {1998},
  url = {https://aclanthology.org/J98-4001/}
}

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